How does Atterbery (1980) define Fantasy? Find at least five definitions

How does Atterbery (1980) define Fantasy? Find at least five definitions. 

Attebery looks at others definitions of fantasy but ultimately sums it up as

“The single condition, that a story treat an impossibility as if it were true” (Attebery, 1980)

Other definitions:

W.R. Irwin “an overt violation of what is generally accepted as possibility... Whatever the material, extravagant or seemingly commonplace, a narrative is a fantasy if it presents the persuasive establishment and development of an impossibility, an arbitrary construct of the mind with all under the control of logic and rhetoric”. (Irwin as cited by Attebery, 1980)

J. R. R. Tolkien “founded upon the hard recognition that things are so in the world as it appears under the sun; on a recognition of fact but not a slavery to it”. (Tolkien as cited by Attebery, 1980)

Any narrative which includes as a significant part of its make-up some violation of what the author clearly believes to be natural law. (Attebery, 1980)

Tzvetan Todorov “The fantastic... That hesitation experienced by a person who knows the laws of nature, confronting an apparently supernatural event” (Todorov as cited by Attebery, 1980)

References

Attebery, B. (1980). The Fantasy of Tradition in American Literature: From Irving to Le Guin. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

How does Farr (1991) justify Tintin’s appeal to adults?

How does Farr (1991) justify Tintin’s appeal to adults?

Herge created Tintin to be enjoyed by all readers of all ages he famously described the reading age for his comics to be between “seven to seventy-seven ” (Far, 1991) Tintins popularity suggests that he is successful in achieving his goal.

Farr (1991) suggests that Tin Tins popularity with adults is due to its “many levels at which it can be appreciated”. Tintin while simply written to easily be understood by children contains political arguments, puns and other underlying themes which would only be understood by older readers.

Tin Tins popularity with adults could also be contributed to Herge’s use of actual events and technology. Farr (1991) states that Tintin is “an imaginary hero in a real world”. Herge would put Tintin in real world situations which he would research thoroughly for his adventures to be believable. Also all technologies used in Tintin are copied from their real life equivalents for example cars in the comic would be exact replicas of the cars used in that place and time.

I think the combination of the different levels in which it was written in and the use of real life events are both contributing factors to Tintins popularity with adults.

References

Farr, Michael. (1991). Tintin the Complete Companion. London: John Murray